A Modern Model for the Cosmos
Next to
the mystery of the existence of the soul and the afterlife, the
mystery of the shape
of the universe may be considered as the mystery of all mysteries, and most
difficult to solve by scientists. Ebrahim Victory – Cosmologist
He is right, but why this
mystery, the most difficult to solve by scientists?
To help
answer this question is that we are living inside the universe. A child as long
as lives at a home can only knows the internal shape of the home. As compared
with the universe, that child we are, and only the Almighty God has authority
and superiority over the universe and knows its external shape. The
intuitions granted by God:
Expanding shape of the cosmos
We all have seen a rolled up
sheet. If we look at inside of such a sheet, which has as tightly as possible
rolled up and then released, which kind of a shape we can see?
The answer is spiral.
(Snail’s shell shape)
If we wish to roll up this sheet
once again, what can we do?
The answer: we start rolling the central layer up, with the upper
layers following the central layer, and all the layers roll upon each other.
The mystery of the creation (Big
Bang), also to put an end to it (Big Crunch), is as simple as this example.
Note:
This example based on the verses no.
104 Al’anbia - Holy Quran:
On
the day when We will roll up universe like the rolling up of the
scroll for writings; as We originated the first creation, (so) We shall reverse
it; a promise binding on us; surely We will bring it about.
The particulars of a snail’s shell
To imagine the universe shape,
we can select a snail’s shell as ‘reference body’ with seven layers and
then consider the particulars of the universe shape as following:
1. The major mass and gravity force of this body exist in
its core.
2.
Every snail’s shell grows up and expands from the
core.
3.
The core of this body has not spontaneously created,
because it needs an initial motive power.
4.
The further the layers of a snail’s shell away from
the core, the further they expand; and get centrifugal force.
5.
The expansion process of a snail’s shell follows
special rules; hence, it is in order perfectly.
6.
Every layer has separated from another by a rigid
septum.
7.
One of the important particulars of the body with
spiral shape is that it can better carry different waves including sound waves.
This explains:
·
Why all instruments transmitting sound waves, such as
cochlea in the ears, horn, and trumpet, is spiral - shaped.
· Why in our modern world, various receivers and
transmitters of audio - visual waves are horny shaped; or “spiral” so far as
possible.
The
cosmic model as a spiral system
Maybe the Almighty God created the lovely snail dragging its cavernous
and calcareous shell as a ‘small and temporary home’ on its soft back, to
show us the
shape of the cosmos, as a ‘huge and permanent home’ dragging on humanity shoulders, to creep
inside, on the Big Crunch.
To imagine spiral shape of the cosmos,
we can assume our spiral galaxy of Milky Way with a great black hole in its
core, as the core of cosmic snail, then consider the galaxy with the seven
layers, as the seven layers
of the cosmic snail.
Better to
imagine mentioned cosmic system with its structure and circumference, we can
assume a huge transparent vitreous snail’s shell, looks dark inside, with some
bright spots scattered amongst darkness. So the further the layers of cosmic
snail away from the core, the further the bright spots, and in the last layer,
everything is bright. Meanwhile we can distinguish the septum of the layers and
a blackout core in the center.
Illumination: every galaxy has two or three layers and snail’s
shells, tree or four layers. Then it is difficult to show a scheme of spiral
shape with seven layers, because we need at least twenty meters wide space or
area.
Explanation
of such a system:
1.
The seven layers with rigid septum form the “cosmic
snail”.
2.
The bright spots form visible universe. (4% heaviness
of the cosmos)
3.
The rest of the seven layers is Dark matter. (22%)
4. The blackout core, called
Dark energy, is “cosmic snail core”. (74%)
5.
“Cosmic snail core” is the main feeding source for the
cosmic snail, as the expansive “space time”, so the further the layers of the
cosmic snail is near the core, the further the mass and density and slower the
time. The time becomes slower because movement becomes slower by gravity, such
as no time in the core and the gravity is at the most.
Super
gravitation
In attention to
discoveries of the COBE and WMAP (only, until 380000 years after Big Bang is
visible) and to assume the cosmic snail shape, the gravitational relationship
among the Beings parts is, as following:
1.
The Visible universe: the gravitation of the moons are attached to the
planets, the planets to the stars, the stars to the galaxies, the galaxies to
the galactic cluster, and them to the galactic super clusters, etc.
2.
The Dark matter: the gravitation of the visible universe (4%) attached to the Dark
matter (22%) which spread all over the cosmic snail.
3.
The Dark energy: the darrk matter gravitation attached to the Dark energy (74%).
|
Super gravitation: the
gravitation of the Dark energy attached to the Supreme Being. Then super
gravitation is the Almighty God.
Trinity
cosmos (3M universes)
In attention to above
achievements, we can announce and proclaim that our interpretation of beings is
that we can recognize three forms of the universes, which form the ‘cosmos’
as following:
Main
universe (cosmic snail core) called Dark
energy (singularity universe) with these substantive particulars:
·
It is the main feeding source for the ‘cosmic
snail’ as the expansive “space time” with any “space time” and expansion
itself. It is the “constants universe” meanwhile is not a
“constant universe”.
·
Its essence is of quantum, and its quality is of
absolute light.
·
Because of having the most mass and density, seems
blackout and invisible; like as a huge and singular powerful black hole.
·
Like as every other source loses some of its energy,
but the changes are very insignificant.
Middle
universe called Dark matter (light and power universe) with these
functions:
·
It is the coordinator and preserver between main and visible universes.
·
It plays the role of an active regulator with safety
regulations to control the cosmic system affairs.
·
It is the factory of galaxy making. It takes energy over ‘main universe’ (input) and
after a process of actions and reactions, sends them probably through wormholes
to the visible universe (output). Dark energy is so much powerful, that it is
actually impossible to produce directly something visible.
·
Reconstruction: dead stars like as black dwarf, comeback to this factory through black
holes for reconstruction; because nothing spoiled in the system and all the
changes are merely displacement and rearrangement of the energy, the matters,
and the waves.
Mini
universe called visible universe
(multiplicity universe) we know relatively its specifications.
Scientific
justification of the model:
1.
ISOTROPIC VIEW FOR THE UNIVERSE
1.
Some years before Edwin Hubble discovery of the
universe expansion, Alexander Friedman had got two simple hypothesizes in 1922:
·
The universe looks generally the same from any point
of vantage.
·
No part of it is exactly is identical to any other
part, still its overall makeup is the same everywhere.
2.
In 1965, a couple of American physicists: Arno Penzias
and Robert Wilson declared that the sounds come from outer space, before reach
us, they have passed through great parts of the universe; furthermore, these
waves are monotonous and homogeneous in various directions. Then they came to a
good conclusion: The Universe is “Isotropic” in greater scales.
3. No better isotropic shape
than spiral (snail’s shell) shape, among the geometrical shapes can be
found. Then THE UNIVERSE SHAPE IS SPIRAL.
2.
EINSTEIN’S GRAVITATIONAL VIEW
1.
According to General Relativity Theory,
the matter changes and twists the surrounding
space, and contorts it out of the usual shape, then the further the mass and
density of the matter in a certain field, the further its curvature.
2.
The center of a snail’s shell has the most mass,
density and curvature.
3.
According to the Doppler Effect and the achievements
of the Big Bang, the center of universe should have the most density and
plaits.
Then THE UNIVERSE SHAPE IS SPIRAL.
3.
WAVES RETAINING VIEW FOR THE UNIVERSE
1.
Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered microwave
background radiation, using a very large horny shaped receiver, and they
declared that the universe entirely filled with this radiation; and this discovery
won them the Noble Prize.
2.
Had the receiver not been horny shaped, this discovery
would not have been possible (since horn has a partial snail’s shell shape).
3.
Had the universe not been spiral - shaped, it could
not have retained this radiation since the Big Bang.
Then THE UNIVERSE SHAPE IS SPIRAL.
Efficiencies
of the model:
1. Proving the
existence of enough energy in the main universe, to justify the Big Crunch and to believe the universe has purposefully
created. Deliver a valuable idea in this case by NASA / WMAP Science
Team:
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is leftover
radiation from the Big Bang stretched by the universe's expansion into the
microwave region of the spectrum. In this image, NASA's Wilkinson Microwave
Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) records minuscule temperature fluctuations in the CMB
as different colors.
In principle, an advanced
civilization could create a universe and encode information in the CMB that
would let civilizations in the offspring universe, know that their universe has
purposefully created.
2. Substantiation
the Einstein view about cosmic curvature and refuting the devious ideas has expressed by some cosmologists in
this field.
3. Correction of the Hubble
Law
Hubble said:
The further a galaxy away from the earth, the greater its
velocity of escape.
He declared
this view, because he had not known the shape of the universe; otherwise, he
would have said: The further a galaxy away from the main
universe, the greater its velocity of escape.
4. Correction of the
Hawking view about the universe shape
Prof. Hawking
has written a book and titled The Universe in a Nut’s shell. He chose
such a title, because he had not known the shape of the cosmos; otherwise, he
would have titled his book: The Universe in a Snail’s shell; but his
idea about hardness of the universe’s shell as a nut’s shell or snail’s shell,
is admirable.
5.
Resolving many problems in the cosmological fields for example, scientific struggle between Harlow
Shapley and Herbert D. Curtis in 1920. Then, Hubble explanation in this field
maybe rejected.
In attention to “the further the layers of the cosmic snail near the
core, the further the mass and density, and slower the time” and assume
hardness of the cosmic snail septum, many of the distance measures according to
the Hubble constant measurements, maybe needed to revise.
It seems our
theory will call the Hublle Law defenders to challenge. Because another problem
with estimating the size of the universe, is curvature of space-time as we
believe in spiral shape for the universe also held by the general theory of
relativity. This curvature also would affect measurements of distance based on
the passage of light through space from objects.
6.
Rejection the idea of colliding and merge the closing
galaxies. Galaxies move in the layers of cosmic snail with rigid
septum; and the layers are upon each other. The cosmologists suppose all
the closing galaxies will collide and merge in together, but at least while
two galaxies are in the separate layers, is not so, however near they may be.
This viewpoint will solve many of the problems in cosmology field. Some
examples:
7.
Refining the views of cosmologists about the problems which may occur in the future or even nowadays; for
example, COBE achievements:
The maximum
frequency of the radiation intensity is different in a special direction rather
than others; in other words, we can find a superior direction in the space;
WMAP confirmed this viewpoint in May 2005 too.
None of the
existing scientific theories can explain this problem; meanwhile, only belief
in the cosmic snail and its powerful core (main universe) justify such special
direction.
8. Consideration how
the aphelion and perihelion have created:
Perhaps
nobody has yet answered this question, why the sun (or any other star or even
planet) has not settled in the center of its elliptical orbit, therefore, the
aphelion and perihelion, should have be created?
The answer: it is because of the cosmic spiral shape. In the
cosmic snail, the “velocity of escape” is greater than “core’s gravitational
attraction”; therefore, the aphelion and perihelion should have created. This
also explain how the orbits of the planets and stars, are elliptical.
9. Meanwhile, we
also shall find the answers of many of the questions; for example, why according to Kepler second law, the
orbital velocity is variable; and the planets have retrograde motion?
The answers
are also concealed in the cosmic snail, and because the velocity of escape, is
greater than core’s gravitational attraction.
10. This theory can help us to
reach the targets of establishment the Large Hadron collider too.
Some
questions and the answers
May Dark
matter be really ‘matter’ or only it so called?
It may be just the ‘antimatter’
we looking for, in the universe. At least a part of Dark matter has formed of
the antimatter, because the universe is symmetrically and concurrently, in
order.
Why
velocity of light is invariable?
- If the source of gravity and
something is running away from it, just from the same quality, the velocity of
escape is invariable.
- The main universe is the
gravity source and its quality is of light.
- Then the velocity of light is
invariable.
Why the
light has two states?
- The visible light and the
other rays all radiate from the main universe.
- The main universe is invisible
quantum source for the rays.
- While the light radiates from
its source, has quantum state, but while becomes visible, takes wavy
state too.
- In other words, quantum state
is substantive state for light and wavy state is its accidental state.
Why light
moves on straight line?
It depends to volatility nature
of the light. Everything that runs away from its source has to escape
straightly. Light is so, but while be impressed by a gravitational force,
becomes curved or deviated towards another direction. WMAP showed this
viewpoint to confirm Einstein’s theory for second time in May 2005, after 1919.
Are
cosmologists searching out a Final Theory?
It seems this theory would be
able unsettlingly to solve all cosmological problems, therefore we can ask:
Maybe this theory, replace the
Theory of Everything, which guides us to a Final Theory?
For accession
to a Final Theory in the future, it is better at first we accept this theory;
it seems impossible otherwise.
If some cosmologists wouldn’t like to accept this
modern model for the universe,
It is better they reject it with strong reasons;
reasons stronger than those of this article
"Huge
questions remain to be answered before we can hope to have a complete picture
of the universe we live in. I want you to share my excitement at the
discoveries, past and present, which have revolutionized the way we think. From
the Big Bang to black holes, from dark matter to a possible Big Crunch, our
image of the universe today is full of strange sounding ideas, and remarkable
truths. The story of how we arrived at this picture is the story of learning to
understand what we see."
Princeton University theorist Paul Steinhardt, who helped pioneer inflation in the
early 1980s, calls the WMAP result "a milestone achievement." He says
theorists have spent years developing more exotic types of inflation models
that require new fields or fine-tuning mechanisms. "This milestone means
that many of these exotic ideas are out the window, which cleans up the field a
lot," he says. But he also points out that the new WMAP results are consistent
with another idea that he helped develop: that our universe occasionally
collides with another universe in higher-dimensional space-time, leading to
endlessly repeating cycles of Big Bangs and expansion. WMAP team members agree
that this cyclic model is consistent with their results, and that a
next-generation satellite is needed to determine which model, if either,
explains our universe.
A.
SHAMAZADEH
hmdshmzdeh@gmail.com
