Journal of Cellular Immunotherapy
March
2017, Pages 12-13
open
access
The causes of breast cancer from the perspective of Persian medicine
Author links open the author workspace.SoudehTeymouri.
Author links open the author workspace.
Mojdeh
Khodabakhsh
Open
Access funded by Shanghai Hengrun Biomedical Technology Research
Institute
Under
a Creative Commons license
The
history of every nation is the part of the nation's identity. It
should be protected as a precious heritage. Iran with several
thousand years of civilization heritage is the host of experts in
various fields of science, especially in the field of medicine and
pharmacology. Study of cancer began not more than a century ago. It
is very surprising that a prominent Iranian doctor described the
diagnosis and treatment of cancer about twelve centuries ago in his
books. Unfortunately it has been neglected in recent decades. Some
prominent Iranian doctors’ theories about the cause of cancer,
which were presented during the eighth century, were demonstrated in
recent study.
Breast
cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide and the most usual
cancer in women. In 2012, about 1.67 million new cases and 522,000
deaths due to breast cancer have been recorded in the world. Its
incidence in the Eastern Mediterranean region is about 27 individuals
per hundred thousand ones. In Iran, breast cancer is the fifth cause
of death among women. In his study, we examined the causes of breast
cancer from the viewpoint of Persian medicine in Iran.
This
study is based on five persian medicine books: Canon of medicine
(Avicenna), Al-Havi (Muhammad ibn Zakariya Razi), Hedayah
Al-Moteallemin (Abubakr Akhaveyni), Kamel al-sanae al-tebiyeh (Ali
ibn Abbas ahvazi), zakhire Kharazmshahi (Mohammad Hossein Aghili
Khorasani). Websites such as SID and Google scholar were searched
with the keywords of cancer, breast cancer, and persian medicine.
Iranian
doctors believe that eating some foods makes the people susceptible
to cancer (the role of foods). Ali al-Ahwazi said that some
neoplastic diseases transmitted through semen to the next generation
(the role of genetic). He also mentioned that pessimism, anxiety,
constant fear and depression are some other causes of malignant
diseases (the role of stress). In literatures of Ahvazi and Razi, it
is clearly mentioned that there is a relationship between breast
cancer and quantity and quality of uterine bleeding. The more regular
and normal uterine bleeding, the less risk of breast cancer. Breast
cancer is also associated with liver and spleen. In differentiating
malignant masses from the benign ones, we have to touch the exact
location. If it is a malignant mass, we feel the sense of heat, but
in benign ones, we feel the sense of cold compared to the other parts
of the body. Surgery has been considered one of the main ways to
treat cancer by Iranian doctors as early as the fourth century AH.
Many
factors increase the risk of breast cancer such as stress, abortion,
lack of breastfeeding, family history, hormone therapy, menarche in
young age, lack of labor, alcohol and cigarettes uses. Some of these
factors have been mentioned in Persian medicine.
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