Why
the 1st January is the head of New Year?
Many things we
take for what they are, without thinking about why they are being so? One of
them is that every “new year” is celebrated on 1st January.
What exactly is the year?
Everyone knows
that it is the result of the circulation of the Earth around the sun. The
period of this cycle is about 365 days, and 6 hours. Then we can take a
conclusion that every four years, we have a 366 days year. This kind of year in
the astronomical so-called is leap year.
Astronomers can
determine the exact length of the year, but are unable to indicate when the
year begins and when it ends. Therefore, the end of the old and the beginning
of the “new year” occurs at the time that people accepted on a contract
basis.
In most countries
of the world, this Agreement provides that the final moment of the old year is
midnight on December 31, and the first moment of the “new year” is the first
second starting day 1 January.
But it is worth
remembering that this agreement does not everyone all over the world agrees!
Orthodox welcomes
the New Year 14. January he use the Julian calendar
instead of Gregorian.
Indians chose the
date of October 26, as their New Year festival is called Divali.
Persians New Year
is according to the nature's “new year” that is 21st of Mars.
The Jewish New
Year is also a mobile (falls on different dates in our calendar) because it is
celebrated on the first day of the month of Tishri.
Chinese New Year
depends on the phases of the moon and falls on different dates.
The Islamic “new year”
is also according to the circulation of the Moon around the Earth, and
falls on different dates, and it is the day of migration of Prophet Mohammad
from Mecca to Medina. This migration took place on 621 ac.
Who,
with whom and when so appointed?
The choice of this
day is associated with Julius Caesar, who determined that the “new year”
will begin on 1 January.
Caesar not only
was a great leader, not only wrote great prose literary works which delight
today, but also a statesman and legislator. Being aware of how important a role
in managing the huge empire plays a precise measurement of time he reformed
the calendar by entering the above-mentioned leap years. Used by the services
of an expert on criteria astronomical he survived in most European
countries until 1582 when it replaced the more perfect the Gregorian calendar,
introduced by Pope Gregory XIII.
When placing your calendar Caesar decided that the beginning of the year will
be due on 1 January. It was exactly a year DCCVIII by Roman reckoning of time,
requiring numbered years aburbe condita (the founding date of Rome city).
According to our
calculation of time, it was the year 46 BC.
Ordering to measure consecutive years from 1 January Caesar referred to the fact that traditionally (from 153 years BC) on that day authority over Rome and throughout the empire spanned two other consuls. The term of office of consuls (most times of the Roman Empire there were two) lasted exactly a year and never to be lengthened, so each subsequent January 1 authority over the Roman Empire took over new people. So it was quite natural to embrace the moment of power by the new team to tie the “new year” and so it remains to this day.
Ordering to measure consecutive years from 1 January Caesar referred to the fact that traditionally (from 153 years BC) on that day authority over Rome and throughout the empire spanned two other consuls. The term of office of consuls (most times of the Roman Empire there were two) lasted exactly a year and never to be lengthened, so each subsequent January 1 authority over the Roman Empire took over new people. So it was quite natural to embrace the moment of power by the new team to tie the “new year” and so it remains to this day.
This
article is based on an article in below link, but I have change it as a useful, edited
and completed brief:
http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plik:North_season.jpg
Ahmad
Shammazadeh- New Year of 2016
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